![]() In the worst situation are companies that still haven’t migrated to the latest JDK editions, so they have to pay extra for support of such JDK 1.8. Note that Oracle is not the only JDK vendor, so anyone wanting to use Java for free can use Adoptium, for example. Nathan Biggs of House of Bricks has done the first calculations and his synthetic (but not unrealistic) examples show a huge increase in costs. Unless Oracle introduces some discounts, these types of companies can be surprised. However, new Java license considers ALL employees, not just those directly involved in the technology. Oracle JDK is often used by companies whose core is not technology, so it simply drives existing business. The quantity of the licenses required is determined by the number of Employees and not just the actual number of employees that use the Programs However, the high per-employee fees ($15/month) in companies with less than 1,000 employees may be against this theory.Įmployee for Java SE Universal Subscription: is defined as (i) all of Your full-time, part-time, temporary employees, and (ii) all of the full-time employees, part-time employees and temporary employees of Your agents, contractors, outsourcers, and consultants that support Your internal business operations. Oracle is a modern-day Robin Hood, no question about it. Enterprises lose probably in any configuration, but small scaleups may gain (if these even use Oracle JDK). Ending on a positive note, the provisions could benefit some companies, especially tech startups with few employees. The changes will also not affect already paying customers, who will be able to settle on old terms (although I have not been able to dig into how the license extension, for example, will be resolved). The existing model, which was considered more favorable and which we will miss, was quite similar to the heavily criticized Akka license change last year, also introducing per-processor fees. ![]() After all, the licensing model assumed a fee for each processor and each workstation on which the JDK was installed. It should also be remembered that it’s not as if the Oracle JDK has been free until now. Since the number of companies using Oracle solutions is falling, and the cost of Java development remains constant, the obvious (albeit painful) solution turns out to be to raise prices to make the whole business viable. Unfortunately, I have a feeling that we are in a self-reinforcing spiral here – so let’s play devil’s advocate first. This is how the report breaks down the use of each Vendor ![]() I suspect, moreover, that recent pricing changes will only accelerate this drain. It shows that the popularity of Oracle JDKs has been declining strongly penultimate years (75% in 2020 to 35% in 2022), so if the trend continues, by early 2023 we’ll be talking about even lower numbers. ![]() I’ve been trying to estimate what the use of individual JDKs looks like today, and I managed to dig into the State of the Java Ecosystem report published by New Relic. For many (most?) companies using Oracle JDK, this will mean a massive increase in costs, since the calculation takes into account not only programmers but all employees of the company – including those outside the IT department, as well as contractors. Instead of being based on workstations and processors, the new pricing will be calculated on the number of employees a company employs: for those up to 1,000 employees, fees will be $15 employee/month, and for larger ones, it will be $5.25 employee/month. Let’s start with the facts: On January 23, Oracle announced that it is changing the Oracle JDK licensing model to Java SE Universal Subscription. ![]() The last time I saw anything JVM-related on top of /r/programming it was Log4Shell. ![]()
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